Iguassu Falls

Iguassu Falls

Calling the Others

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Monday, August 21, 2017

2017 Eclipse: Why? Because NASA!


Click on photo to enlarge.
Remember this: It's a total eclipse.....of the heart?

Haven't been writing in over eight months...wow. I took this picture today and a nice man told me to send it to NASA, but couldn't find a mailbox to slide it in. Fitting, I would show up during an eclipse....
                                                 

Enjoy. 

AOFH and its glorious photographer .

Monday, December 5, 2016

Speaker of the House-Tweets-Say What?



Remember this: What is in the hearts of men can be hid for only so long. 

I logged on after finally having a fit of sleep befall me. I wake up and the Obama Administration with the help of others has decided to run interference for Standing Rock on this Dakota Access pipeline fiasco.

Credit must go intially to the women and children that started the Stone Camp generating prayer the water stay pure. Credit must be given to anyone voicing their opinion, in army fashion, to the Universe. Prayer means something. What gets behind prayer is conviction, bravery, persistence, what is good and true, and above all things: love. 

In order for this message to flow like water everywhere-do not water down anyone's participation in force. The Universe is not honored that way. 

That is what governmental representatives and leaders should be doing; their Cosmic job for The People. The People must do their Cosmic job and make sure wayward people stay on track. It is tough, but worth fighting for.

Trump’s administration should really take some notes.

Note No. 0: It is about Universal forces. Like I said, “Good and Evil is being watched at all times. Just because it is not dealt with in your timeline, doesn’t mean it will not happen.”

Note No. 1: It is not about money

Note No. 2: It is about people

Note No. 3: It is about the Earth, and resources those living things occupy

For some reason, House Speaker Ryan just keeps popping in my head in a bad way. I don’t know him but something about him hasn't appeared right.

I scroll down Twitter, not that Twitter is the glaring truth, but words mean something. Here is the screenshot:





If big government-making decisions at its worse means the Obama Administration doing the right thing towards its consituents, maintainting promises made to  indigenous Youth, Elderly, and disenfranchised people is bad policy, what exactly does Rep. Paul Ryan support? Does not sound like it is The People. 

822 fingers pushed buttons to support this statement. That is 822 wayward people that have to have their minds re-schooled on why it is better to support clean energy, and not dirty energy.

Makes you wonder why some people are still stuck in the muck like the dinosaurs.

How does the Speaker of the House of Represenatatives arrive at such a derrogatory statement that doesn't appear to support the safety, well-being, and treatment of The People, or Tribal Peoples?

Can trust be given to such a person? And he is the one signing off on bills that go to the President's desk to become law? 

Rolls eyes-Oh Creator!

I have been thinking Paul Ryan has an agenda. I googled his job. Everything you see with him is a savior-like photo op image. If Paul Ryan is the Speaker of the United States House of Representatives. The Speaker of the United States House of Representatives is second in the United States presidential line of succession, after the Vice President, and ahead of the President pro tempore of the U. S. Senate.

What happens once Trump and Pence are in the White House and something happens to both of them? Who is next in line?
Think hard on this one. What does it mean?

Anyone that plays chess, should consider this a savvy chess move. Putting someone into position, while the pawns are sacrificed. If this chess piece is spouting money over people, what do you think is going to be the future under such a person?

Now, look at the tweet above. Where does Paul Ryan stand on Natural Resources? Where does Paul Ryan stand on watching people get shot in the face with rubber bullets?

If his job is to preserve order, and decorum with a House chamber and recognizing members of the House floor, and making rulings on House procedures-why does it seem like, if we took him out the House, that he doesn’t really have the best interest of The People at heart?

It is a worry that in one tweet, someone at Paul Ryan’s can be validated on why one would feel this person is possibly shifty. His support for digging at natural resources, and demeaning the support of the present President, and those involved to support Standing Rock’s protest against a possible pipeline ruining water supplies, and the Missouri river-is scandalous. 

I believe Paul Ryan twitter tweeted his hope that the current Obama Administration could not invoke anymore legislations, or presidential moves before leaving office. He wanted the Obama administration sequestered in the White House without any power to act before leaving office. Why is that?

Never mind-we just saw why with Standing Rock.

This tweet is sublimely stating that Paul Ryan might support all those nasty conditions reeped on the people of Standing Rock, and anyone there.

How can anyone support a person like this, in a high position, that is supposed to be someone whose opinion and judgment carries weight?

I am just leaving this here because I have a bad feeling I will be seeing this again-somewhere.

Paul Ryan hunts, but I am thinking that he is not attached to the land, or the animals he hunts. Otherwise, his outlook would be different. 

I am thinking his kind of hunting is utilitarian-which is okay-but translating that over to a bigger audience with a different worldview than your own-when people take their hunting, their lives, and the substrate that action happens serious-maybe he needs to get back to the basics, and become one with its People, himself, and Nature. He's lost in the wilderness of being blind with physical 20/20 vision.

Otherwise, he is just pointing a gun and pulling the trigger on something that is meaningless, other than to put food on a table for utility’s sake. 

I am just gonna leave this here. It is not about you guy, its about The People.


Written by: The Management

Sunday, December 4, 2016

Prophecy Point: It Has Been Foretold



Remember this: Everyone loves a good prophecy, especially when the bullet points appear to actualize in the conscious realm.

A Conversation Between Two People

I sat with an African-American woman at a table. We were talking about prophecy, and Jesus.

She tells me with much fervor, “I am like Florence Henderson from Good Times. I always knew Jesus to be the white Jesus with the dark hair. It will not be any other way for me. You come to my house that is what you are going to see hanging on my wall.”

Me: “Would you hang a black Jesus on your wall?”

She looked at me with conviction, “No!”

Me: “But geography-wise he could be Middle Eastern.”

She says to me: “Look! There is no other Jesus. I will not hang a black Jesus on my wall. If I die tomorrow, and go to heaven, I am going to yell back from the pearly gates, “Hey you! He’s white, with dark hair!”

Nothing was going to sway her belief otherwise. Jesus is an integral part of a prophecy of the Bible. This prophecy has its own set of markers. She believes white Jesus with the dark hair, will return. I support her belief in that, if that is her belief. This is not about biblical prophecy. 

Jesus was one person, endowed with special gifts to come save the world and people put him up on two sticks, and killed him. Now, people are crucifying each other daily. Jesus is foretold to come back.

I asked her the following questions:

Why do you believe we are given prophecy?

What purpose does Prophecy serve; and for whom?

If the Creator creates, threatens, runs interference on behalf of the created to save, why whip out a prophecy, if the end game is destruction?

I thought it valid questions.

Standing Rock Protester Rants about Colonizing Whites in Camp

I saw post after post proclaiming indigenous prophecy was coming true right before everyone’s eyes. I surfed the comments on social media.

Prophecy needed some problem-solving. The thing about visions and prophecy is rarely detailed, and can’t be depended on. The outcome is vague, vague, vague. Sometimes you need an interpreter. 

Prophecies are thrown down on people with no insight; like a dead fly in your soup. Should you eat the soup, or throw it away?

As an example: The children of white men will grow their hair out long and seek out the teaching of indigenous tribes, or go to support them. (loosely, I state this)

This one person stood out with a post that has made the rounds. Beautiful person on the outside, but poison spewing from the inside.

The general complaint was a portion of white visitors to Standing Rock were there for vacation, disrespectful, and unsupervised. This is not an ethnicity issue, it is an organization issue. 

If random people show up to your camp have a sign in list, issue a name tag, and give them a job. People have to be informed of their role. If there is a special cultural consideration, sit them down and let them know what is up. Most people will understand and respect that information and request. When you have large numbers of people, there needs to be communication, structure, and organization.

Keeping with the Cosmic Code, let us get back on Prophecy Point.

Prophecy Problem-Solving #1: If the prophecy shall state a disliked people are going to show up at your door to support you, in a vague sort of way (in your moment of need), the Universe is tasking you with a job that you didn’t know you were going to get. It is your task, whether you like it or not, to properly instruct this person on what is expected of them. They want to help you. They just don’t know how, or if it will be accepted. 

Everything I see states indigenous people have the instruction for the land and its uses-people show up and now, you have to teach them. One should have the understanding that people aren’t all daft, this being a big world, shouldn’t be insulted on their part either. You are mutually there to help one another. That should be an understandable compromise.

This is the issue that will come back to bite you in the ass. If you mistreat someone that has come to help you, then later, you need help again, that group may be less inclined to come to your aid. This is applicable to anyone.

There is nothing in the prophecy that states the outcome or consequence of bad choices will prevail or occur, other than the dominating theme. Lesser themes affect the dominating theme.

If prophecy states, the white man has to make a decision between destruction, or peace-those white people showing up have to be schooled on why peace is a good idea-so they can carry it back to the outer world.

Prophecy illustrates a hidden point: Different peoples with personal issues in the Great Cosmology have to learn to compromise to get along to serve a common goal that is necessary to all. They must learn the task of working together.

Problem + Problem = Solved

Prophecy illustrates here the need to forgive and sacrifice for the end goal. Do not revisit the past interactions of bad ancestors. Bad ancestral choices gave us all these problems to solve. Can we solve them?

The truth is: It is Possible and doable

In order for the prophecy to get from Point A-verbal speaking of the prophecy, to point B-which is the occurrence of the prophecy, to point C, which is the execution of the Prophecy, then on to Point D, the fulfillment of the prophecy’s end-that means you need to realize your job and do it. 

Otherwise, all those people are going to come and go with no transfer of knowledge-no enlighten-no spiritual elevation to move the prophecy in the more beneficial direction.

Brotherhood and Sisterhood has to be built. Trust has to be built. Bonds have to be built. Work on that; inter-personally, personally, and on a bigger stage. Fear-mongering has to be squashed. Prejudices have to be squashed. Resentment has to be dealt with and an understanding reached.

Pissy, for-the-moment truces aren’t going to get it in the long run either.

Stop bitching and do your cosmic job that you didn’t ask for, Oh Chosen Ones. No person in a prophecy wants to be the Chosen Ones. That means work. That means sacrifice on the part of the few for the whole, even if they aren’t that deserving.

People need to sit with clearer minds and determine the root problem, instead of what is the symptom.

Sometimes the Complaint department only has the complaints-they don’t find the solutions.

Yet, Prophecy is not done with us. There has to be a truce called between ethnicity-that is binding-because it isn’t just about the relationship between Caucasians and Indigenous people, but People of African descent, and anyone else willing to smoke the Peace Pipe that has an issue, or bone to pick with the other.

That’s right, Prophecy has some fine print. White man has to decide between technology that incites destruction, being an Earth person, and getting along with his fellow ethnicity. When you stick this under a magnifying lens, the White man is no longer just White people. Its greedy people of many ethnicity brought about by a different kind of pollution.

Prophecy is whispering in your waxed up ears that your eyes need to open and see what you hide from yourself. Laying blame isn’t working anymore. Moving past the blame has to happen.

Prophecy is the passive-aggressive verbalization of a message hidden in messages intuitively articulating a path of choices in hoped the fools involved will get it, and change their ways.

One prophecy read, “People need to know what they are.” Exactly what are you? Answer that question.

I have read several prophecies:

The running theme of mistreated people verbalizing a prophecy to warn the abuser to change their ways, or else bad will come upon the whole. The mistreated person is the disenfranchised person that doesn’t feel they have the power to change their condition-a universal curse has been uttered.

Deep inside, people want to know that the wrong done them by someone they loved, trusted, and cared about will not go unpunished. Deep inside…

 Enter the Single Child Born Under Special Circumstance

For any child born under special circumstance built around the markers of a prophecy, adults get half excited.

The child does not know the conditions surrounding its birth; only that it is born.

There’s probably more than one parent that wants to take credit for giving birth to the Anti-Christ.

Prophecy Problem Solving #2: Let the child live a normal life until the moment when something extraordinary occurs. The child will be given decisions to lead the child’s life in the direction of a prophecy eventually. Let it be free until until the Prophecy comes to collect like a mad pied piper.

The problem of a child born within the setting of what looks like a prophecy is:

The child will struggle with other people’s expectations versus choosing its own destiny. Do not lock an innocent child into a predetermined destiny that you are not certain beyond 100 percent of a doubt is linked to a prophecy.

You do not have the right as a human to screw about with someone else’s cosmic thread.

One prophecy read this way: “It’s not the return of a single individual who embodies what we’re becoming, but a process of emergence available to all peoples.”

Prophecy Problem-Solving #3: Prophecy will see fit not to tell you the mysterious ways in which it will speak to you, and through who, or what.

You better be listening with your eyes open, ready to receive.


A couple of prophecies I read:

The Seven Fires Prophecy of the Algonquin:

There are good and evil people in the world. Retrace your ancestor’s steps to find what was hidden and lost. People can either choose the road to destruction, or prosperity. (For prosperity it means you do not use destruction to prosper). It warrants universal cohesion between all people of the Earth.

Tuscarora Prophecy by Mad Bear:

“Every human was created by the Great Spirit, and we can’t hold malice in our hearts toward anyone. This is our way of life, this is our religion. The Great Spirit made the black man, the white man, the yellow man, and the red man. If we were to condemn and beat these people or keep them away we would be going against the Creator because he created them.”

“The governments of the world that are collapsing are those that have been blinded by the material things.”

There are people out there that go by Matthew 7:15 “Beware of false prophets, who come to you in sheep’s clothing but inwardly are ravenous wolves.”

The prophecies I have read are not articulated to harm but to warn, and give the hope that someone out there will act human and do right by others as the Great Spirit intended. It could even be the hope a Universal Creator will intervene and punish those that stray from the path of Good. These prophecies are vocalized by people worried about the direction the World is being navigated, and how it is a dishonor upon the Universal Creator, and disrespectful through the human to human interaction to harm each other. 

There is the predicament for the way Mother Earth is being sucked dry by the human parasites living on it aka those people that think there is an unlimited supply of everything for the currency of choice.

I would suggest this, as a Relative Stranger, do not hang onto the punishments of the Prophecies. Read between the lines at what is conveyed, for that is the problem, the symptom and the way to find the cures. When you have that, do not be afraid to be a Chosen One. 

Even if you are not, there is no rule in the Great Cosmology that says you are not allowed to do your very best to bring about peace, diplomacy, understanding, love, unity, and the infinite, universal cohesion amongst humans and those things of Mother Earth. Sometimes, you have to fight for those things.

Quite frankly, it is a tragedy that one need invoke a prophecy because Earthlings don’t have the social skills to do several simple human acts; love, compassion, kindness, and forgiveness.

There are many doorways. If everyone did the work to ensure a better world-Prophecy's threat over time, as we wait on it, will be void.


Written by: Angelia Y Larrimore


Wednesday, November 30, 2016

Oil Spills: North Dakota Public Record


Remember this: Sometimes you have to have an argument for why something is a damn bad idea. All you have to do is look at the track record. It is right there-collectively, and cohesively.

I don’t write these things for fame or fortune. I merely put thoughts out there for others to grab, investigate, use, and run with the sharp scissors.

So, while everyone is looking at one thing. I decided to look back at the wheat field and well, deviant that I am, things that you have to put out in public records.

Works for me at the moment

There was an article entitled; North Dakota recorded 300 oil spills in two years without notifying the public, by the Associated Press Bismarck. The article was dated Friday, 25 October 2013. That was three years ago.

It would seem that companies in North Dakota are required to report spills to the agency with jurisdiction, which puts them into public record, but are not really required to tell the public that it’s out there.

Question No. 1: If DAPL puts a pipeline through a portion of Standing Rock, and it leaks, are they going to make a report, file it with the public record, and hope no one asks, or finds out about it?

Not sure, thought I would ask.

If this article was in October 2013, and it stated the state Health Department and regulators were reviewing state’s policies for when to publicly report such incidences after a massive spill. I wonder if they actually revised that issue.

Question No. 2: If your state governance sees a red flag, and doesn’t address it, should the public think someone isn’t doing their jobs?

Then we go back to the time the Universe was giving everyone a heads up when lightning struck that wheat field in North Dakota and governance hid it for eleven days.

Question No.3: Damn, the Universe must not have liked that pipeline either. Do you think the Universe was pointing out the evidence?

Not sure, thought I would ask.

When you read track records like this, and let me tell you, North Dakota has a racetrack that extends well pass the event horizon.

Question No. 4: If the track record of oil companies and their spills is stacking up persistently in one state, (cough North Dakota), is it accurate to observe that when tribal, and non-tribal constituents do not trust their state government, is it warranted? 

If the state government is aware of this distrust, yet tries to silence tribal, and non-tribal constituents from observing their Constitutional Rights, and whatever Tribal Rights and treaties they have, can a state governance publicly try to undermine those groups in the hopes of clearing a path for something that has already been exhibited as a potential threat to quality of life, even to the point of disguise on the part of slipping it in a report, and silently placing it in the folder of Public Record, and hoping no one asks for it?

Not sure, thought I would ask.

When you read the Associate Press Bismarck article, it reiterates new pipelines spring up, which increases possible instances of pipeline breaching, this breaching causes the risk to environmental habitat to go up, which involves the closely connected human habitation.

Question No. 5: How many pipelines does it take?

Not sure, thought I would ask.

I was thinking this. If you can gather documentation from public records, of a bad track record, of companies with oil spills (list them all with dates, locations, and companies), lack of oversight (ask for the exact maintenance schedule to be performed to ensure quality assurance of the pipelines, and how covered ground pipeline is to be monitored), and being negligible at reporting to the public when a spill occurs, just to name a few-you would have a hefty argument for why North Dakota governance may not be strategically monitoring its oil companies shenanigans, and forgoing monitoring to keep up with the Jones at the cost of whomever lays in the wake of the pipelines.

Question No. 6: Who is to say that this same thing can’t happen at the Standing Rock area?

Not sure, thought I would ask.

There again, the big question would be:

Question No. 7: Why was DAPL so desperate to get that pipeline through?

Question No. 8: How did that desperation translate into the decisions to try and threaten, coerce, physically assault, and fully out them and their employees as a company now known for its blatantly disregard for human life, even verbalizing it with the moniker, “scum of the Earth”.

Not sure, thought I would ask.

I read the in 2014, one million gallons of wastewater from hydraulic fracturing leaked from a pipeline near Fort Berthold, home of the Mandan, Hidatsa, and Arikara. They live right on top of pipelines.
Question No.9: When you set your life up on top of a spider web of potential problems, would one think it is a little to late for going back? Is it better to just not have the pipeline near your water?

Not sure, thought I would ask.

When you are dealing with poor track records, one does wonder why the standard hasn't been set higher with more emphasis on transporting the products safely, without spills, or injuries to and through the destinations the pipelines occupy.

Where is the integrity management programs? Where is the in-line inspection tools to determine the condition of the pipelines? Where the hell are the Smart Pigs, and why aren't they being used? Is there adequate funding for research projects on  pipeline challenges? How are pipeline regulatory agencies ensuring incidences do not occur, and if they do, less frequent.

Why does it appear the pipeline companies are not working together or observing an industry wide recommended practice?

When you see the rate of error and malfunctioning in how Energy Infrastructure is handles, compounded with the numerous cases of malfunction of equipment,and maintenance, when is someone going to ask the question:

When is quality assurance and safety precaution going to be re-evaluated to address the high incidences of natural and liquid gas breaching pipelines, and any hole it makes birth from?


Written by: Angelia Y Larrimore


https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2013/oct/25/north-dakota-oil-pipeline-spills-secrecy 

Reading, Writing, and Indigenous Legal Matters.




Remember this: Does it apply, or does it not? If it doesn't, can someone find a proper home for it in the future in some legal jargon? Or is it somewhere else? 

One must muddle through the swamp of legal wording. Hey, I got nothing to do but read. 

Section 5 and Section 6 needs to creep up from the grave. This should apply to the Governor of North Dakota, Morton County Sheriff's Department, public and private entities exercising aggressive measures towards the Standing Rock Sioux Peace Prayer against DAPL, and anyone else pretending to be concerned, while assaulting tribal members with war tactics, bodily harm, and crimes against people living under the supposed protection of the US Federal Trust of Indigenous lands. 

An Act to Regulate Trade and Intercourse With the Indian Tribes (1790).

SEC. 5. And be it further enacted, That if any citizen or inhabitant of the United States, or of either of the territorial districts of the United States, shall go into any town, settlement or territory belonging to any nation or tribe of Indians, and shall there commit any crime upon, or trespass against, the person or property of any peaceable and friendly Indian or Indians, which, if committed within the jurisdiction of any state, or within the jurisdiction of either of the said districts, against a citizen or white inhabitant thereof, would be punishable by the laws of such state or district, such offender or offenders shall be subject to the same punishment, and shall be proceeded against in the same manner as if the offence had been committed within the jurisdiction of the state or district to which he or they may belong, against a citizen or white inhabitant thereof.


SEC. 6. And be it further enacted, That for any of the crimes or offences aforesaid, the like proceedings shall be had for apprehending, imprisoning or bailing the offender, as the case may be, and for recognizing the witnesses for their appearance to testify in the case, and where the offender shall be committed, or the witnesses shall be in a district other than that in which the offence is to be tried, for the removal of the offender and the witnesses or either of them, as the case may be, to the district in which the trial is to be had, as by the act to establish the judicial courts of the United States, are directed for any crimes or offenses against the United States.

Seems pretty square on how it applies.

Another thing, as I have been reading, is: 

If the Standing Rock Agency at Ft. Yates, North Dakota, is the field office for the Bureau of Indian Affairs that provides Trust Services and tribal services to the Standing Rock Sioux-what exactly was the Bureau of Indian Affairs doing to ensure they were policing the Trust Responsibilities towards the Standing Rock Sioux in regard to the aggressive means used by the Governor of North Dakota, Morton County Sheriff’s Department, and anyone else employed through private, or public entities.

I know I have seen the complaint the Bureau of Indians Affairs does not do its job, so exactly what were they doing in all this? I have seen others voicing their concerns on this.

If this has been a long standing complaint within the indigenous tribes, why hasn't that office been overhauled to bring it current where tribal constituents are better served in a timely manner. When you have enough complaints that the Bureau of Indian Affairs is slacking on the job, that would call for an over-all assessment of functioning, revision, and overhaul. 

If it is not working-repair it.

Is someone is going to treat indigenous people as charges of the federal government, then who were the irresponsible adults in these shenanigans? Nowhere did I read or see...Bureau of Indian Affairs said or did (blank)There is nothing to read on that unless it is hid in the dark net. As you read further you will see, I assume but could be wrong, that more responsibility has been given to the Bureau of Indian Affairs to manage trust fund lands on behalf of the tribes. 

I did find this on the Mille Lacs band Of Ojibwe that probably needs a couple of eyes cast upon it-for learning sake. 

For your reading enjoyment:

The U.S. Government Trust Responsibility to American Indians

·        The U.S.government has a trust responsibility to American Indians. This trust responsibility was an underlying promise made by the United States when it made treaties and agreements with Indian tribes.
·        The U.S. government acquired virtually all of its land through treaties or agreements with Indian tribes. Today most lands that Indian tribes use are owned by the United States and held in trust by the U.S. government for those tribes.
·        The U.S. government made a commitment to protect Indian tribes from non-Indians by enacting the Trade and Intercourse Acts, which were passed between 1790 and 1834. Exploitation of Indians was one of the major reasons for conflict between Indians and non-Indians.
·        The U.S. government’s trust responsibility to American Indians was affirmed in the 1830s by the Supreme Court. The court ruled that when the government entered into treaties with Indian tribes, it made a promise to protect and enhance Indian tribes.
·        In 1871, the United States passed legislation stating that it would no longer enter into treaties with Indian tribes, primarily because it had acquired all the land that it wanted at the time and because the treaty-making process had caused conflicts between the Senate and the House of Representatives. Thereafter, all federal laws passed with regard to tribes have been the result of actions taken by Congress.
·        The U.S. government assumes a trust responsibility for all lands that it owns, whether they are national parks, national forests, military reserves, or Indian trust lands. The government’s responsibility is to manage those lands in a way that best serves the people who use them.
·        The U.S. government’s responsibility for managing land held in trust for Indian tribes is no different from its duty for managing other lands it owns. The United States is responsible for ensuring that decisions that affect Indian trust lands benefit the tribes involved.
·        In recent years, the United States has said that every federal agency has an obligation to ensure the protection of tribal governments, even though the trust relationship is administered primarily through the Bureau of Indian Affairs. For example, the Department of Energy has a responsibility to ensure that the energy needs of tribes are being met, and the Environmental Protection Agency has a responsibility to ensure that the environments within Indian reservations are protected.
·        Federal agencies and their employees are responsible for ensuring that their actions that affect Indian tribes enhance, protect and improve conditions for the tribal communities and governments. Each federal agency has applicable law that describes its relationship to everyone in the United States, including its trust relationship with Indian tribes.
·        Management programs for Indian trust lands are implemented for the most part by the Department of the Interior, which has regulations describing how it will protect and enhance federal lands. Generally, protection and enhancement of Indian trust lands are done through the Interior Department’s Bureau of Indian Affairs, and recently, more tribes are assuming control over the use of their own lands through self-governance cooperative agreements.
·        In the 1980s, tribes began to take on some of the responsibilities for managing trust lands under the authority of a federal law, P.L. 93-638, also known as self-governance. Under self-governance, tribes have received federal funds directly to administer and manage programs, services, functions and activities that the tribe determines are in the best interest of its members.
·        Self-governance does not mean that the trustee-benefactor relationship between the United States and tribes ceases. Instead it means that the U.S. government now has cooperative agreements with tribes that enable them to directly operate programs for their members that formerly were provided by the Bureau of Indian Affairs and the Indian Health Service. A major tenet of self-governance laws is the continued trust responsibility of the federal government to tribes.